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NP-hard

bkz. NP (karmaşıklık)

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Etiketler: NP (karmaşıklık) Belirsiz Turing Makinesi Dolaşan satıcı P (karmaşıklık) P ile NP arasındaki ilişki Turing Makinesi Çokterimli Çokterimli zamanda indirgeme Hamilton dönüşü Hamilton yolu Altküme toplamı

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<b>NP-hard</b> - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

NP-hard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

NP-hard (nondeterministic polynomial-time hard), in computational complexity theory, is a class of problems informally "at least as hard as the hardest ...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-hard

Bin packing problem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Since it is NP-hard, the most efficient known algorithms use heuristics to ... This is an advantage the problem has over many other common NP-hard problems, ...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin_packing_problem

NP-Hard Problem -- from Wolfram MathWorld

A problem is NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be translated into one for solving any NP-problem (nondeterministic polynomial time) problem. ...

http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NP-HardProblem.html

NP-Problem -- from Wolfram MathWorld

A problem is said to be NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be ... It is much easier to show that a problem is NP than to show that it is NP-hard. ...

http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NP-Problem.html

NP-hard

Definition of NP-hard, possibly with links to more information and implementations.

http://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/nphard.html

NP-hard ilgili diğer siteler

np hard

http://sozluk.sourtimes.org/show.asp?t=np-hard

DIMACS Workshop on Faster Exact Solutions for NP-Hard Problems

DIMACS Workshop, Princeton, NJ, USA; 23-24 February 2000.

http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/Workshops/Faster/

DIMACS Workshop on Computing Approximate Solutions to NP-hard Problems

DIMACS Workshop on Computing Approximate Solutions to NP-hard Problems. February 20 - 22, 2000 Nassau Inn, Princeton, New Jersey ...

http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/Workshops/Approx/

Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems

Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems. Edited by Dorit S. Hochbaum ... Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems Edited by Dorit S. Hochbaum ...

http://www.ieor.berkeley.edu/~hochbaum/html/book-aanp.html

Amazon.com: Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems: Dorit ...

Amazon.com: Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems: Dorit Hochbaum: Books.

http://www.amazon.com/Approximation-Algorithms-NP-Hard-Problems-Hochbaum/dp/0534949681

Amazon.com: np-hard

A community about np-hard. Tag and discover new products. Share your images and discuss your questions with np-hard experts.

http://www.amazon.com/tag/np-hard

Approximation schemes for NP-hard geometric optimization problems ...

Designing approximation algorithms for NP-hard problems is a ... approximations for the problem is NP-hard.) This is true for metric TSP and ...

http://people.cs.uu.nl/marc/arorageo.ps.gz

Perl Regular Expression Matching is NP-Hard

A discussion of the complexity of regular expression matching algorithms in Perl.

http://perl.plover.com/NPC/

np hard problem index

Index. achromatic number: MAXIMUM ACHROMATIC NUMBER; alignment: MINIMUM TREE ALIGNMENT; array partition: MINIMUM ARRAY PARTITION; balanced connected ...

http://www.csc.kth.se/~viggo/wwwcompendium/node276.html

Inductive Inference Complexity

Inductive Inference Complexity. [Angluin, 1978]: D. Angluin. On the complexity of minimum inference of regular sets. Information and Control , 39:337-350, ...

http://www.info.ucl.ac.be/~pdupont/pdupont/bib/infer_complex.html

March Madness is (NP-)Hard (draft)

March Madness is (NP-)Hard. (draft). David Liben-Nowell, Moses Liskov, Chris Peikert, Abhi Shelat, Adam Smith,. and Grant Wang ...

http://people.csail.mit.edu/gjw/papers/march_madness.ps

NP-hard ile ilgili diğer linkler

Diğer sonuçları göster / gizle Bu konu ile ilgili görüntüleyebileceginiz diğer linkler.

2 9 2 jff g2 2 2 gj 2 2 2 2 f 2 g j \ j j j !

that decoding under very general assumptions is usually NP-hard. ... that it’s NP-hard to approximate the nearest codeword distance within some constant ...

NP-hard problem

Examples of NP-hard problems include the traveling salesman problem and the popular game Tetris. Related category • COMPUTERS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ...

Ofine List Update is NP-hard Christoph Amb¤uhl

In this paper, we show that it is NP-hard to decide whether a sequence. can be served. with cost less or equal k. Therefore, there cannot be a polynomial ...

2 2 f g f g 9 ^ 9 ^ 9 ^ 9 ^ f g 2f g 2f gj 2f g

is NP-hard. Michael Homann. Institute for Theoretical Computer Science. ETH Zurich ..... NP-hard in 2D. Technical Report 065, Dept. Com- ...

NP-Hard Module Rotation Problems

ETLR is shown to be NP-hard in [7]. The proofs of (71 are easily ... problem is NP-hard for single column and single row instances with ...

Optimal Replacement Is NP-Hard for Nonstandard Caches

In this paper, we prove that finding the optimal schedule is NP-hard for any but the simplest of caches, and that no polynomial-time approximation scheme ...

Gregable.: Life is NP-Hard

3 Mar 2008 ... In Software there is a set of Problems called NP-Hard problems. I think my audience would run screaming if I explained this in technical ...

[cs/0601002] Minimum-weight triangulation is NP-hard

We prove that the decision version of this problem is NP-hard. We use a reduction from PLANAR-1-IN-3-SAT. The correct working of the gadgets is established ...

[hep-th/0303194] The statistics of string/M theory vacua

arXiv.org > hep-th > arXiv:hep-th/0303194. Search or Article-id. (Help | Advanced search). All papers, Titles, Authors, Abstracts, Full text, Help pages ...

PushPush and Push-1 are NP-hard in 2D - Demaine, Demaine, O'Rourke ...

We prove that two pushing blocks puzzles are intractable in D. One of our constructions improves an earlier result that established intractability in D OS ...

PushPush is NP-hard in 3D - O'Rourke, Problem, Group (ResearchIndex)

We prove that a particular pushing blocks puzzle is intractable in D. The puzzle, inspired by the game PushPush, consists of unit square blocks on an ...

Approximating Bounded Degree Instances of NP-Hard Problems

rences of each variable exactly equal to 3 is NP-hard to approximate to within a .... imation Schemes for Dense Instances of NP-Hard Problems ...

Faster Exact Solutions for NP-Hard Problems

DIMACS Workshop on Faster Exact Solutions for NP-Hard Problems. When: 9am February 23 - Noon February 24, 2000; Where: The Nassau Inn in Princeton, ...

The Approximability of NP-hard Problems

and proved that achieving a ratio 2 - ? is NP-hard. In the late 1980s two important developments ..... proximation ratio 1+? is NP-hard for some fixed ? > ...

Minimum Weight Triangulation is NP-Hard

NP-hard. Proof. A rectilinear embedding of the given PLANAR- ... Our result shows that it is NP-hard to approximate the. MWT with a relative approximation ...

Using Online Algorithms to Solve NP-Hard Problems More Efficiently ...

one or more existing algorithms for a specific NP-hard problem by adapting ..... This thesis is about solving NP-hard computational problems more ...

Alignment and distribution is NOT always NP-hard

Alignment and distribution is NOT always NP-hard. Vincent Boudet. Fabrice Rastello. Yves Robert. LIP, URA CNRS 1398. Ecole Normale Sup erieure de Lyon, ...

The Minimum Latency Problem is NP-hard for Weighted Trees

Theorem 1 it follows immediately that the GSP is strongly NP-hard for edge- ... The MLP is NP-hard for the metric with distances 1 and 2, but the com- ...

The approximability of NP-hard problems

Sanjeev Arora , Carsten Lund, Hardness of approximations, Approximation algorithms for NP-hard problems, PWS Publishing Co., Boston, MA, 1996 ...

Exact algorithms for NP-hard problems

Limor Drori , David Peleg, Faster Exact Solutions for Some NP-Hard Problems, Proceedings of the 7th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms, p.450-461, ...

BBC NEWS | Technology | The trouble with Tetris

These types of problems, known as NP-Hard problems, are difficult because ... The researchers found that Tetris was an NP-Hard problem, i.e. there was no ...

Slashdot | Tetris Is Hard: NP-Hard

25 Eki 2002 ... Tetris Is Hard: NP-Hard -- article related to Games.

Approximation algorithms for NP-hard optimization problems

As we shall see, for most NP-hard optimization problems, we must .... One reason is that many NP-hard optimization problems are rescalable: given ...

what is the difference between NP, NP-HARD,NP-Complete ? : Algorithms

What is the difference between NP,NP-HARD,NP-COMPLETE ? please explain this with an example.

Project: Exact algorithms for NP-hard problems (www ...

Project: Exact algorithms for NP-hard problems. Show printer-friendly view ... Titel, Exact algorithms for NP-hard problems. Period, 01/2007 - unknown ...

Nested Quantum Search and NP-Hard Problems

fast quantum algorithms for all NP-hard problems (up to the polynomial cost of ... quantum algorithm for NP-hard problems, the existence of which being con- ...

MFO

Title: Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems. Organisers: Ravi Kannan, Yale Marek Karpinski, Bonn Hans Jürgen Prömel, Berlin ...

Approximating the SVP to within a factor (1+1/dim*) Is NP-Hard ...

NP-hard under randomized reductions. We improve this result to show that ... sions of this problem are NP-hard. In contrast, neither is known to hold for ...

np-hard - definition of np-hard by the Online Dictionary from ...

Definition of np-hard in the Online Dictionary. Multiple meanings, detailed information and synonyms for np-hard.

np-hard - definition from dictionary.die.net

NP-hard A set or property of computational search problems. A problem is NP-hard if solving it in polynomial time would make it possible to solve all.

P, NP, CO-NP, NP-complete, NP-hard

Some NP-hard problems are also in NP (these are called "NP-complete"), some are not. If you could reduce an NP problem to an NP-hard problem and then solve ...

IngentaConnect Protein Design is NP-hard

It turns out that in the language of the computer science community, this discrete optimization problem is NP-hard. The purpose of this paper is to explain ...

Binary-MEC becomes NP-hard when the distance between two rows is ...

is NP-hard. We do this in two stages. First we show. that even a \degenerate" version of ... We reduce from the NP-hard problem MAX-BISECTION. This is the ...

xml-dev - ID/IDREF makes XML generation NP-hard

is an NP-hard problem. This is true, because it is possible to encode a 3SAT problem [1] in a DTD, so that there is an instance of the DTD's document type ...

NP-hard. Consequently, we have to rely on search heuristics to ...

NP-hard problem [GJ79]. Consequently, we present search-based heuristics to solve .... NP-hard. A simple iterative greedy search heuristic can be used to ...

Finding good approximate vertex and edge partitions is NP-hard

In this paper we show that for n-vertex graphs with maximum degree 3, and for any fixed ?> 0, it is NP-hard to find ?-edge separators and ?-vertex ...

The shortest vector problem is NP-hard to approximate to within ...

The shortest vector problem is NP-hard to approximate to within some constant. Author: Daniele Micciancio. SIAM Journal on Computing, 30(6):2008-2035 (March ...

16 NP-Hard Problems (December 3 and 5)

and others, defined the class of NP-hard problems, which most people believe cannot be .... NP-hard problems are at least as hard as any problem in NP. ...

Tight Lower Bounds for Certain Parameterized NP-Hard Problems

Based on the framework of parameterized complexity theory,we derive tight lower bounds on the computational complexity for a number of well-known NP-hard ...

WoW Forums -> NP Hard Wants You To Get Some

http://nphard.yevsi.com Signup for whatever runs you want. Click submit. Check email. ... 1. Re: NP Hard Wants You To Get Some | 03/27/2008 08:28:32 AM PDT ...

Inclusion of Unambiguous #REs is NP-Hard

represented by #REs is NP-hard. Testing for the overlap was seen hard also ... Theorem 1.1 The #RE inclusion problem is NP-hard, also for unambigu- ...

NP-complete and NP-hard problems

the equality P= NP it seems that no NP-hard optimization. problem is solvable by an algorithm ... optimization problems in bioinformatics are NP-hard. To ...

Machine Learning (Theory) » How to solve an NP hard problem in ...

9 Eyl 2006 ... This is called the “minimum feedback arcset” problem in the CS theory literature and it is a well known NP-hard problem. ...

NP-Hard@Everything2.com

The concept of NP-Hard is, as its name suggests, kind of hard to grasp. Here's the idea: some problems are reduceable to other problems. ...

Morpion Solitaire - NP-Hard Problem

Even if it is very easy to play Morpion Solitaire, it is proved that this game is NP-hard and the highest score is inapproximable, unless P=NP. ...

NP-hard - Definitions from Dictionary.com

Definitions of NP-hard at Dictionary.com. ... A problem is NP-hard if solving it in polynomial time would make it possible to solve all problems in class NP ...

The Minimum Feedback Arc Set Problem is NP-Hard for Tournaments

fas in a tournament is also NP-hard. A very close answer was given by Ailon, Charikar. and Newman in [1], where they prove that the problem is NP-hard under ...

Safety-Critical Mailing List Archive 2006: Re: [sc] NP-hard ...

Thus, although in the general case the problem is indeed NP-hard, programs can > be designed for verification (and annotated if necessary) so that they fall ...

Exact algorithms for NP-hard problems

NP-hard problems are a special kind of optimization problems for which most probably no polynomial time (i.e. "fast") algorithm exists. ...

Clique-width Minimization is NP-hard

Hard graph problems (e.g., problems expressible in Monadic Second Order Logic with second-order quantification on vertex sets, that includes NP-hard ...

Lectures 17 - 18 NP-hard problems: Introduction

NP-hard: class of optimization problems X such that its. decision version is NP-complete. ... Having an NP-hard problem, we do not know in this ...

NP-hard or NP-Complete

14 Kas 2006 ... NP-hard or NP-Complete General Math. ... NP-Hard problems that are not NP-Complete are 'harder' than NP problems, in general, ...

Learning Bayesian Networks is NP-Hard

Learning Bayesian Networks is NP-Hard. David M. Chickering; Dan Geiger; David Heckerman. November 1994. 22 p. Available Documents: ...

Aggregability is NP-Hard

aggregability is NP-hard even for linear systems, and thus (unless P=NP), ..... that finding the partition is NP-hard. Our original problem was not only to ...

Fujitsu MBA3 NP Hard Drive - 147GB - 15000rpm - Ultra320 SCSI ...

Dimensions, 1.03" Height x 4" Width x 5.79" Depth. Manufacturer Website Address, www.fujitsu.com. Weight, 1.76 lb. Product Name, MBA3 NP Hard Drive ...

Protein Design is NP -hard

ization form of PRODES is NP-hard. More generally, the class. ‘NP-hard’ is comprised of those ... protein design as an NP-hard optimization problem is a ...

[Abstract] On Places Suitable for Applying AI Principles in NP ...

The paper discusses where the artificial intelligence principles can be applied in the graph theory NP-hard problems’ algorithms in order to make those ...

1 NP-hard Optimization Problems

An optimization problem is NP-hard if the corresponding decision problem is NP-hard, ... We will see three examples of NP-hard optimization problems today. ...

Approximation Algorithms for NP-hard Problems

Approximation Algorithms for NP-hard Problems. Approximation algorithms for geometric problems, BerEpp-AA-96. [D. Eppstein publications] [Citation database] ...

Approximating Bounded Degree Instances of NP-Hard Problems

it is NP-hard to decide whether an. instance of 4-MIS with .... rences of each variable exactly equal to 3 is NP-hard to approximate to within a ...

theory-edge : Message: Re: [theory-edge] Idea on showing problem ...

D is trivially NP-hard since D is equivalent to the halting problem. ... Correct, ie: a problem is NP-hard if all problems in NP are poly-time reducible to ...

Checking positive deniteness or stability of symmetric interval ...

properties is NP-hard see 1 for a symmetric interval matrix ..... mially reduced to each of the problems i viii , hence all of them are NP-hard. Comments. ...

The Reference Frame: NP-hard landscape problems

31 Oca 2006 ... If I remember right, "X is NP-hard" means that every problem in NP can be reduced to X in polynomial time, but X itself might not be in NP. ...

xml id idref - Re: ID/IDREF makes XML generation NP-hard

is an NP-hard problem. > > This is true, because it is possible to encode a 3SAT problem [1] in a > DTD, so that there is an instance of the DTD's document ...

Using Online Algorithms to Solve NP-Hard Problems More Efficiently ...

This thesis develops online algorithms that can be used to solve a wide variety of NP-hard problems more efficiently in practice. The common approach taken ...

Computing the Stopping Distance of a Tanner Graph is NP-hard

Graph is NP-hard. K. Murali Krishnan. Priti Shankar. Department of Computer Science and Automation. Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560012, India. ...

NP-hard

A selection of articles related to NP-hard. ... An example of an NP-hard problem is the decision problem SUBSET-SUM which is this: given a set of integers, ...

The minimal realization problem in max-plus algebra is NP-hard

L. J. Meyer and A. R. Stockmeyer proved in 1973 that deciding if a rational expression over a unary alphabet is defining the all language is NP-hard. ...

Minimum Propositional Proof Length Is NP-Hard to Linearly Approximate

We prove that the problem of determining the minimum propositional proof length is NP- hard to approximate within a factor of 2$^{log^{1 - o(1)}_n}$. ...

A General Scheme for Solving an NP-hard Problem in the Strong ...

Abstract—The well-known strong NP-hard machine scheduling problem, i.e., minimization of. the maximal tardiness, is investigated. ...

JSTOR: Minimum Propositional Proof Length Is NP-Hard to Linearly ...

Minimum propositional proof length is NP-hard to linearly approximate. The journal of symbolic logic, vol. 66 (2001), pp. 171-191. Let P be a propositional ...

Minimal decomposition of a digital surface into digital plane ...

is NP-complete, and thus that the optimisation problem (finding the minimal number of DPS) is NP-hard. The proof is based on a polynomial reduction of any ...

Two NP-hard Interchangeable Terminal Problems*

imply that P1 is NP-hard. Actually, P1 is readily seen to be solvable ... Hence this observation together with our NP-hard proof ...

GPSG (Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar) Recognition Is NP Hard,

Proponents of Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG) often cite its weak context-free generative power as proof of the computational tractability of ...

Finding the lowest free energy conformation of a protein is an NP ...

For this model we present a proof that finding the lowest free energy conformation belongs to the class of NP-hard problems. The implications of the proof ...

Modelling and Resolving Software Dependencies

Modelling and Resolving Software Dependencies. Daniel Burrows . June 15, 2005. Abstract. Many Linux distributions and other modern ...

Maximum-likelihood decoding of Reed-Solomon Codes is NP-hard

It has been known for over 25 years that maximum-likelihood decoding of general linear codes is NP-hard. Nevertheless, it was so far unknown whether ...

Amazon.co.uk: Approximation Algorithms for N-p Hard Problems ...

Amazon.co.uk: Approximation Algorithms for Np Hard Problems: Dorit Hochbaum: Books.

CiteULike: Diagonal matrix scaling is NP-hard

4 Oca 2008 ... We show that testing the scalability of arbitrary matrices is NP-hard. Equivalently, it is NP-hard to check for a given symmetric matrix A ...

[P 77b] D. Plaisted, New NP-hard and NP-complete polynomial and ...

D. Plaisted, New NP-hard and NP-complete polynomial and integer divisibility. problems, Proc. 18 FOCS, IEEE, 1977, pp. 241-253. ...

On the solution of NP-hard linear complementarity problems

2002 Downloadable (with restrictions)! No abstract is available for this item.

SSRN-Computing the Nucleolus of Min-cost Spanning Tree Games is NP ...

We prove that computing the nucleolus of minimum cost spanning tree games is in general NP-hard. The proof uses a reduction from minimum cover problems. ...

WordSearch is NP-hard

(If you don't know what "NP-hard" or "NP-complete" means, or if you have some other problem with my proof, you can check the reference I give at the very ...

Structure from Motion with Missing Data is NP-Hard

This paper shows that structure from motion is NP-hard. for most sensible cost functions when ... energy functions for stereo is NP-hard [3]. Structure from ...

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